Zambian traditional beliefs. ” World and I 14, no 6 (1999): 232. Garvey, Bembaland Church: Religious and Social Change in South Central Africa (Leiden, E. Healthcare practitioners need to be aware of these beliefs so as to contextualise their practice in their communities. Zambian Plants Used as Traditional Fever Cures lists over 400 plants—including both their scientific and common names—and the remedies they provide in traditional African medicine. The Zambia (Northern Rhodesia until 1964), is located in south central Africa, home to the Victoria Falls and Lake Kariba. The 2010 census found that 75. Culture and its impact on mental health has recently become a topic in Public Health debates. 3. Hinfelaar, Bemba-Speaking Women of Zambia in a Century of Findings indicate that traditional practices towards maternal care in the postpartum period are commonplace that have been practiced for generations in countries in Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia and the Philippines, although there are different traditional beliefs in post partum care in aspects of technological factors, kinship and social factors, cultural simultaneously hold traditional and non-traditional beliefs about health risk, the de-gree of distortion depends on the strength of the traditional belief. These existential events affect the women's health and the newborn's care. ‘ program piloted an approach to engage these traditional leaders in shifting harmful gender norms and strengthening women’s land rights in Zambia’s Eastern province, to support a parallel systematic land documentation Consider the traditional healers from Kalabo, Zambia who have suggested additional utility from traditional healer services in hospital settings, an option not unlike the priest-physician 36 The Umutima Uwalowa WaMakumbi (Sweet Heart of Makumbi) of Emilio Mulolani was founded in the 1950s and has been subject to a number of studies: see B. It is essentially a postcolonial approach to what AIR and its The historical account is that the Lozi were originally called the ‘Luyi‘ (meaning ‘Foreigner’) and spoke a language called Siluyana. ZAMBIA 5 International Religious Freedom Report for 2019 United States Department of State • Office of International Religious Freedom The inclusion of Zambian Traditional Beliefs and Customs in the primary school RE syllabus. Present-day religious practices in the Gwembe valley are pluralist, Christianity has been very much at the heart of religion in Zambia since the European colonial explorations into the interior of Africa in the mid 19th century. 5 EPAZ was established in 2010 by Patrick Mulenga, academic, psychologist, and therapist In conclusion, traditional Zambian names are a vital part of the country’s culture and identity. Gidgal et al. G. Traditional Beliefs and Learning about Maternal Risk in Zambia Am Econ Rev. The majority of my family still lives in Zambia, and although I have now spent half my life living abroad, I still consider it "home". These gender norms can perp From what I understand traditional medicine is the knowledge and practice that is based on theories and belief that are implement throughout cultural history. F. Conclusion: Diversity in Zambian Cuisine. [3] Before the arrival of European missionaries, the various Explore Zambia's rich and diverse culture: 73 ethnic tribes, 10 regions, over a hundred colourful traditional ceremonies! Zambia's ethnic diversity results in over 30 traditional ceremonies occurring annually in different parts of Zambia’s contemporary culture is a blend of values, norms, material and spiritual traditions of more than 70 ethnically diverse people. Traditional tribal religious thought blends quite easily with Christianity and many syncretic churches help smooth that merge. Immerse yourself in these cultures by studying their naming customs, as this will give you a wealth of Mothers with infants in rural Zambia likely experience a dualistic sense of responsibility to satisfy both cultural and health system expectations when caring for their newborns. Songs were used to teach, to heal, to appeal to spirits, and Traditional beliefs; An important ancestor’s name; The name of someone involved in a life event (e. Influences from European Names. The remaining 25% are mostly Muslim, Hindu, or follow traditional African beliefs. The Department of Immigration under the Gender roles in Zambian societies are often steeped in traditional beliefs and cultural practices that assign distinct roles and responsibilities to men and women. Hinduism, Indigenous Zambian Beliefs, and Islam, and from the religious elements of the Zambia . syllabuses include other religions such as Indigenous Zambian Beliefs, Islam and Hinduism, the two senior secondary school syllabus heavily lean on Hinduism and Indigenous Traditional beliefs were incorporated and became part and parcel of Religious Education. (Shorter 1975:1) The significance of the mthiko cooking stick is reflected in the beliefs and customs of the people. Zambia has got among the lowest human population in Africa; about 10 million people. African Traditional Religion in the context of climate change: A Zambian perspective. Rituals and Ceremonies: Christianity: attendants and birth advisors who respect traditional Zambian birth practi- ces, health beliefs and rites are preferred by many women for different cul- tural reasons. Banda was flustered. 6 philosophy of Zambian Humanism. seriously thought about and articulated the teaching of Zambian Traditional Religions (ZTRs) in RE. Zambian culture, traditions and folklore remain prominent and long-standing tribal customs and crafts are practised throughout The maternal risk in Zambia was studied and concluded that people who hold traditional beliefs disregard past birth complications completely in assessing future risk, unlike those who hold modern The igbo tribal religion is also defined as the Traditional Odinani Religion. Men and boys are traditionally prohibited from using or eating off of the stick. The majority of Muslims in Zambia are Sunni, and there are also small communities of Shia and Ahmadiyya Muslims. In what ways are Christian beliefs about resurrected life different from those of Zambian traditional religion. Journal of Transcultural Nursing 17, 2: 184-189. To our knowledge, this is the largest Although Zambian R. With more than 72 ethnic groups with similar religious beliefs and culture Zambia has been able to make intermarriage s across tribes and race thrive. The traditional healer provides health care Zambia, one of the world's poorest countries, also has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. A thick porridge made from mealie meal, a relatively coarse flour made from maize or mealies, serves as the staple food of the country. Health beliefs about childbirth are as old as human history itself (Gelis 1991:33–54). Sumaili later stated she was misquoted and that she was referring to wearing national dress. Prior to the These findings shed light on the beliefs and practices of rural Zambian mothers, community members, and health workers related to newborn care and health-seeking The authors outlined the constituent of Zambian culture ranging from national symbols to the general lifestyle of Zambians. It focuses on how traditional and modern interact, and Religious Diversity in Zambia encompasses a wide range of faith traditions and practices, reflecting the country’s multicultural society. Zambian women and traditional midwives say they believe infidelity causes childbirth complications. e. They rely on traditional medicine to avoid complications. The first non-indigenous religion to arrive in Zambia was not Christianity, but Islam. The study draws on ontocracy political theory to investigate Zambian Pentecostal interpretations of politics as a sacred realm of contestations between forces of good and evil. [5] Zengani traditional dance among Tumbukas of Zambia. Gorski 2006. They convey a sense of special uniqueness attributed only to that particular group of people. There was a visible awkwardness between host and guest as they both tried to maintain some dignity. We encounter the significant events and influences that have shaped their path, from encounters with The effect of culture and religion on the implementation of comprehensive sexuality education in selected primary schools of Zambia Remmy Mukonka 1 *, Christine Mushibwe 2 , Choolwe Jacobs 3 In the thinking of some traditional leaders that participated in Kabelenga‟s (2018) study on elder abuse in Zambia, modernization is constructed as the tendency among Zambian people to discard the Zambian local values, Religion is an important part of millions of people's lives across the world. Songs were used to teach, to heal, to appeal to spirits, and for mere The present study revealed that there is a widespread belief in Zambian society that the mother and/or the baby might die in childbirth due to sexual infidelity by either spouse. In developed countries, most births take place in Settled in the heart of Southern Africa, Zambia is a nation rich in cultural diversity, with a tapestry of 73 vibrant ethnic tribes. Social Conventions in Zambia. from Nigeria and Tanzania has found a significantly increased risk of maternal mortality among couples who adhere to traditional beliefs [30, 31]. These beliefs have in many cases push ed God into the background so to This chapter explores how Zambian Pentecostals have adapted their theology of miracles and healing in the context of COVID-19. Songs were used to teach, to heal, to appeal to spirits, and Three years later, when it came time to plan our wedding, which was set to take place in my home country, Zambia, my family asked me if I wanted to host an Ichilanga Mulilo, a traditional food Pre-Christian Beliefs in Zambia: The Importance of Spirits and the Belief in Witchcraft. However, chitenge is a common fabric used in traditional dresses for women, while men wear shirts with chitenge collars. The country is officially Christian, as per the declaration found in the preamble of the Zambian constitution, though Part III Article 19 Traditional Zambian music is rooted in the beliefs and practices of Zambia's various ethnic groups and has suffered some decline in the last three decades. Moreover, the moral conflict (which, in some cases, had been the Traditional cultural practices reflect values and beliefs held by members of a community for periods often spanning generations. Timpunza Mvula, Enoch Selstine. In most publications, African religion is commonly referred to as the African Traditional Religion (ATR). and traditional beliefs. Nshima. Southern African religions, including those in Zambian, were passed down for centuries from generation to generation. In traditional Zambian marriage, According to Eyetsemitan, the traditional African belief system is also referred to as ancestor worship and is based on an understanding that the life course is cyclical and not linear. 2017 May;107(5):511-5. There are some controversies and opposing views about the divine identity of The constitution declares the country to be a Christian nation, but upholds freedom of conscience, belief, and religion for all persons. Find out the main religious groups, their share of population, and the Christianity is the predominant religion in Zambia and is recognised as the state religion by the country's constitution. It is also important that families should align the initiation trainings at a time that does not conflict with the academic education of the girls. Before the arrival of European missionaries, the various ethnic groups residing in the territory of modern-day Zambia practiced a variety of African traditional religions. Tembo, Mwizenge S. 2022 Dec 10;12(1):21388. Some people call this witchcraft and indeed such terms as "wizards" and "witches" are used. a rescue) Unique name; Unusual name; Popular name (eg. [3] It is believed that the Khoisan people groups originated in East Africa and In Zambia, for example, traditional healers are not recognized, yet a large segment of the population continues to use their services due to their conviction. Women fearing accusations of unfaithfulness will be unlikely to share One key aspect of traditional religion that has survived colonial and Christian prohibition is the all-male Nyau secret society, which performs traditional rites of passage. In this study we used an interpretative ethnographic design. These existential events affect the The book demonstrates how belief in avenging spirits, witches and witchcraft, value of words spoken prior to death, the role, status and significance of women, belief in unnatural events, liturgy and salvation This study adds to the literature about rural Zambians’ cultural beliefs and practices related to newborn care and health-seeking practices that influence maternal-newborn health. Among these, the Tonga people stand as a testament to the country’s deep-rooted history and traditions. As one of the oldest Bantu settler communities in Zambia, the Tonga tribe embodies a legacy that has Zambia, Hindu Association of Zambia, Guru Nanak Council of Zambia, Jewish Board of Deputies Zambia, Rastafarians, Council for Zambia Jewry, and Baha’i Hinduism, and traditional beliefs. Traditional Zambian music is rooted in the beliefs and practices of Zambia's various ethnic groups and has suffered some decline in the last three decades. Staple foods include maize, millet, cassava, and sweet potatoes. While 1. doi: 10. ” African traditional spirituality as an African heritage must be taken seriously for a fuller understanding of African Christian spirituality, particularly of the African Pentecostal churches. That Christianity, Zambian Traditional Religion(s), Islam, Hinduism and the Baha‟i Faith are among the main religious traditions in the country. Since they are founded on common beliefs, values, norms and practices of subscribed members, traditional ceremonies act as a platform for socialisation and Most traditional leaders in Zambia stay in rural areas and undoubtedly, rural areas remain part of the disadvantaged sections of the Zambian society Ethno-Regionalism, Politics and the Role of Religion in Zambia 107 Exchange 48 (2019) 105-126 of making Christianity a state religion?6 This is crucial given that in its pream-ble, the Zambian constitution declares the “Republic a Christian Nation” yet guarantees the “freedom of conscience, belief or religion”7 for all persons. 4% of birth in Zambia are attended by a trained traditional birth attendant. It contains various issues surrounding Zambian culture and Zambian cultures. Hinduism and Indigenous Traditional beliefs were incorporated and became However, traditional foods and cultural beliefs still hold an essential place in Zambian cuisine, and many people still prefer to consume traditional foods over fast food. Having not so much taste on its own, it is always served alongside a variety of relish, and it is usually eaten I lived in Zambia for the first 22 years of my life (except 18 months of junior college in England). It is this fear of the putative dire consequences of inviting the wrath of the spirit world that caused Mpofu’s neighbours to African death rituals evolved when the traditional religious beliefs of Africa were challenged and modified by the spread of Islam and Christianity to the continent. It demonstrates how Zambian Traditional Zambian Foods: 1. They are historically also related to the Bemba, with whom they share a similar origin in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Cultural traditions in the northeast and northwest indicate influences and migrations from the upper Congo basin. It is probably the most urban growing countries in Africa thanks to the employment opportunities from the copper Belt and other towns. 3% of Zambians were Protestant and 20. Traditional beliefs play a big role in this lack of medical information. Traditional Zambian music once had clear ritual purposes or was an expression of the social fabric of the culture. There are 3 major differences between the biblical and traditional African understanding of angels and demons. Family caregivers' perspectives of cultural beliefs and practices towards mental illness in Zambia: an interview-based qualitative study Sci Rep. The area of modern Zambia is known to have been inhabited by the Khoisan and Batwa peoples until around AD 300 when migrating Bantu began to settle around these areas. Individual deep interviews with eight Zambian women were carried out. They lived in Bulozi, a plain in the Upper Zambezi. Despite these conclusions, Zambian scholarship on religion and development has been preoccupied with individual religious initiatives (Hinfelaar 2009; democracy, respect for human rights, good traditional and family values, positive attitude towards work, peaceful co-existence and private –public partnerships (GRZ 2006: 7). Religious leaders critical of the Religion in Zambia. This inclusion saw the subject’s name change to Spiritual Religion in Zambia is quite varied, with an “official” religion stating that it is a Christian nation, or at least according to the 1996 constitution. A study was conducted in the Eastern and Southern Provinces of Zambia to investigate the meaning of Zambian traditional names. al, 2013). These existential events affect the women's health and the newborn's Zambia, a diverse nation in Africa, is home to 73 distinct tribes, each contributing to the rich cultural fabric of the country. Zambia has a diverse range of traditional beliefs, practices, and customs, and it would be difficult to identify a single main belief. Zambian Religious Life Thomas G. In general, those who are older and The Chewa (or AChewa) are a Bantu ethnic group found in Malawi, Zimbabwe, [[Zambia and few in Mozambique. Traditional practices and beliefs, including music, dance, and storytelling, play an important role in Zambian society. The ministry, in collaboration with Of course, cultural practices and beliefs define one’s roots, but it is also important to identify the good and bad cultural practices (Taylor, 2006). [1] Zambian cuisine is a blend of traditional ingredients and flavors influenced by neighboring countries. Authors Nava Ashraf 1 The aim of the article is to establish if pre-Christian beliefs in Zambia are influencing the Pentecostal Christianity, and to establish what the healers-diviners' relationship with different UNICEF contracted AIR and researchers from the University of Zambia to gather data on traditional parenting and child care practices across diverse cultures in Zambia and assess these data against current scientific evidence of ECD to determine which traditional parenting practices may contribute or be detrimental to children’s development. We assessed how community beliefs in Zambia's Southern Province influence newborn care It focuses on how traditional and modern interact, and sometimes collide, in the country through topics such as religion, gender roles and family, cuisine, the arts, literature, and more. Nshima is one of the most popular foods eaten in Zambia. These gender norms can perpetuate unequal power dynamics, with men often holding positions of authority and decision-making while women are expected to fulfill domestic duties and Consider traditional beliefs: Many Zambian names are rooted in traditional beliefs and practices. The Chewa are closely related to people in surrounding regions such as the Tumbuka, Shona and Nsenga. Parrinder, E. Zambia is steeped in rich culture where traditional practices and beliefs compete with an ever-modernizing world. Respect for elders, communal harmony, and honoring one’s ancestors are integral components, fostering a sense of ethical responsibility. The traditional spiritual beliefs of the Chewa people of Zambia, for example, are human-centered and socially oriented. The article considers law, religion and human rights as they relate to African traditional customs and prac-tices obtaining in Zambia. [1] Nshima itself is quite plain, but it is typically accompanied by an array of traditional Zambian side dishes that introduce a spectrum of flavors to the meal. Discover how Zambian culture blends This book explores Zambia's culture, with an eye toward its historical experiences and its particular endowments. These Since Christianity is the religion of the majority of Zambians, weddings are mostly in the traditional Christian style but often incorporates elements of indigenous customs and rituals. Zambia is divided into 10 provinces and has 73 tribes. Hinduism, and traditional beliefs. Besides, there is a strong cultural belief that men gluttons rarely make strong and hard working farmers. With changes in Social and economic trends Zambian marriages have also evolved. Many Zambians believe that the spirits of their ancestors can help them in times of need or difficulty. This view of a funeral is based on the African traditional view of death. These cultural events serve as a means to honor and preserve the Bemba customs and beliefs. In contemporary times, the Tumbuka people are officially Christian, but they retain their traditional beliefs and folklores. Ng’anga, healer-diviner, Zambia, African Traditional Religion (ATR) Introduction Zambia is a landlocked country in Southern This belief, which might push pregnant women to take traditional remedies to ensure protection from adultery, was reported in several previous studies conducted in different Zambian provinces and Zambia, one of the world's poorest countries, also has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. During the year, the Office of the Vice President continued its statutory mandate of ensuring Christian values were reflected in government, education, family, incorporates comparative studies of Islam, Hinduism, and traditional beliefs. Religion is very important to the people in general. Many elements of mental illness, including accessibility and utilization of mental health care, are influenced by societal cultural ideas. Traditional African religions encompass a wide array of spiritual beliefs and rituals, reflecting the rich diversity of Zambia’s cultural heritage. Most of the tribes of Zambia moved into the book explores Zambia’s culture, with an eye toward its historical experiences and its particular endowments. multiplicity of theologies. As Mbiti (1970) states, it starts before birth and does not end after death. In this package, one finds beliefs, norms, values, customs and Zambia's traditional attire varies among the country's more than 70 ethnic groups. Zambians belong to one or several of approximately 73 tribes, all of which have unique traditional ceremonies. . Religion can be explained as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code The Meaning of Tumbuka, Chewa, Ngoni, Nsenga, and Tonga Names. Zambian cuisine offers a range of dishes, which primarily features nshima, a staple thick porridge crafted from maize flour, locally known as mealie meal. Life cycle and importance in society. Understanding the culture of Zambia is essential for anyone planning to visit the country, as it can enrich the travel experience and help avoid any cultural faux pas. The major groups are examined to give the reader an idea about how many Zambians live. These cultural differences are affecting the health care offered to clients. J Brill,1994) and H. The country is officially Christian, as per declaration found in the preamble of the Zambian constitution, though Part III Article 19 recognises and Although Zambian R. Likewise, Mutuma says that even though The study team conducted qualitative data collection in 10 districts across five Zambian provinces to investigate parenting practices and beliefs in various regions of the country. However, many Zambian traditional religions Learn about the diverse and rich culture of Zambia, with over 70 ethnic groups, 73 languages, and various festivals and ceremonies. Globally, studies have indicated that there is often a conflict between the orthodox medicine and the traditional beliefs of women (Harris, Fleming & Harris 2012:41; Hoang, Le & Kilpatrick 2009:7). 2 This article takes a closer look at provisions in Zambian law as they relate to religion and human rights. Religious figures strongly opposed attempts by the former government of President Edgar Lungu, which governed the country until August, to impose a (i. Customary significance of being hitched puts some respect for married men and women in the society. created (Mkandawire& Daka, 2018). Ideally, Zambian customs carry bride price-paying dictates seriously just like in any other African society. Nelms L. Visitors to Zambia can learn about these beliefs and practices and attend some religious ceremonies and festivals. This procession often ZAMBIA 2020 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT belief. 1954. The Connection of Angels to the Earthly World. The cultural significance of these traditions is evident in various aspects of daily life, including celebrations, ceremonies, and social interactions. The authors further outlined six unique ways of The authors outlined the constituent of Zambian culture ranging from national symbols to the general lifestyle of Zambians. In 1830, the Luyi people were conquered by the Makololo tribe under a leader called Sebetwane, who was part of many tribes that escaped the Mfecane, a African Traditional Religion recognizes the sacred quality of the ecological system because it serves as dwelling place for divinities, deities, spirits as well as the medium through which the sovereign or Supreme Being (God) can be reached. Central Province; Ceremony District Chief Tribe Month Ikubi Lya Loongo: Mumbwa: Senior Chief Shakumbila: Sala: July Kulamba Kubwalo: Chibombo: Senior chief Mukuni: Lenje: October Musaka Jikubi: Mumbwa: Chiefs Mumba & Kaindu: Kaonde: September Ikubi Lya Malumbe-Munyama: The constitution declares the country a Christian nation but upholds freedom of conscience, belief, and religion for all persons. Mothers are pulled to engage in traditional protective newborn care rituals while at the same time being pushed to attend ANC and deliver at the health facility. The procession of the bride and groom is an important part of this celebration. Zambian women's pregnancy and childbirth are linked to a variety of cultural and traditional practices, activities and beliefs. E. [1] Traditional Zambian music once had clear ritual purposes or was an expression of the social fabric of the culture. The area features heavily in the accounts of David Livingstone's journeys in Central Africa. 5 percent of the country’s population is Christian; of these, 75. was an indication that the Ministry of Education intended to ensure that RE as a curriculum. Zambia has a tropical climate modified by the country’s altitude. Only 5. There are numerous Zambian traditional ceremonies that are still Introduction. They Group (ZINGO) in Zambia. We witness their traditional way of life, their social structures, and their religious beliefs. In conclusion, Zambia’s food culture is diverse, influenced by religion, culture, and modernization. Background Health beliefs related to pregnancy and childbirth exist in various cultures Zambian traditional Music: Traditional Zambian music is rooted in the beliefs and practices of Zambia's various ethnic groups and has suffered some decline in the last three decades. 1257/aer. 2015. The education system consisting government, aided, and private created (Mkandawire& Daka, 2018). Others may prepare Icisumina Nsalamu believing it to be Icilanga Mulilo. Songs were used to teach, to heal and to appeal Traditional beliefs and practices can influence the health of the people. Christianity was introduced to Zambia by European missionaries in the 19th century and Naming aesthetics in Zimbabwe as in the rest of African cosmology have always been incident-based and this trend somewhat persists. [ 3 ] Request PDF | On Jan 1, 2016, Nelly Mwale published African Traditional Religion in the Context of Climate Change: A Zambian Perspective | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Although 96% of 2003 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 43(3), 263–274 Cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia Issues and innovations in nursing practice pregnant women attend antenatal care, statistics indicate that 53% deliver at home and only a few (5Æ4%) are assisted by trained traditional birth attendants Gender roles in Zambian societies are often steeped in traditional beliefs and cultural practices that assign distinct roles and responsibilities to men and women. Contrary to perceptions of religion as irrel-evant to modern societies and a constraint on progress (Tomalin 2013), faith communities, actors and assets continued to occupy a critical space in good traditional and family values, positive attitude towards work, peaceful co-existence and private –public partnerships to enjoy one’s religion, are all provided for in the Constitution. With Christianity being the dominant This book, ‘Zambian Culture: Harnessing Cultural Literacy with a focus on selected Myths and Taboos in Zambia’ is a unique text depicting the Zambian culture in general. Most pregnant women in Zambia (96%) attend antenatal care, while 53% deliver at home. However, there has been a realisation that traditional culture and beliefs represent a fundamental component of natural resource management. African religious phenomena, even if we are, in fact, dealing with . Many women and girls face physical, emotional and sexual abuse that undermines their health and ability to earn a living, disrupts their social systems and relationships, and robs girls of their childhood There is a common belief in many Zambian societies that a man who surrounding the traditional belief system had at their root the desire to protect health and life, and to protect especially the innocent (small children, the elderly, a spouse) from deadly defilement. Since they are founded on common beliefs, values, norms and practices of subscribed members, traditional ceremonies act as a platform for socialisation and Most traditional leaders in Zambia stay in rural areas and undoubtedly, rural areas remain part of the disadvantaged sections of the Zambian society Ethnologia Actualis 14, 2: 8-25. Hence, Abstract Zambian women's pregnancy and childbirth are linked to a variety of cultural and traditional practices, activities and beliefs. For a unique culinary experience, try some The traditional Zambian wedding ceremony is a special event that celebrates the union of two people. A traditional belief that unintentionally contributes to the conser- vation of certain trees is the non-use of rewood from species such as mululwe ( Cassa abbreviata ), mubanga ( Pericopsis African traditional religion is governed by a wide range of beliefs pertaining to spiritual beings and supernatural forces. 2 percent as Roman Catholic. African Traditional Religion in the singular to refer to the whole . First of all, angels in the Bible are part of an independent heavenly world created by God. Christianity. Traditional African religions are based on a belief in the spirit world. In fact, the word “God” and its derivatives in various UNICEF contracted AIR and researchers from the University of Zambia to gather data on traditional parenting and child care practices across diverse cultures in Zambia and assess these data against current scientific evidence of ECD to determine which traditional parenting practices may contribute or be detrimental to children’s development. Traditional practices such as Chhaupadi, transhumance, traditional healers, and poor housing design have the potential to stall the progress made to eliminate malaria in Nepal. The chitenge fabric is a colorful, patterned cloth made of cotton. We assessed how community beliefs in Zambia’s Southern Province influence newborn care behaviors, perception of illness, and care-seeking practices, using qualitative data collected between February and April 2010. This may be related to socio‐economic and cultural factors, but cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia have been The aim of this study was to determine the nature and role of traditional forms of counselling and the scope of common problems presented to traditional counsellors in Lusaka province. Based on this system of belief, those who are dead are alive in a different world and can reincarnate (and return to this world) in new births. This article concerned itself with the modern encounter between Christianity and African Indigenous Religion (AIR) in Africa. , (1993) Question: In what ways are Christian beliefs about resurrected life different from those of Zambian traditional religion. Marriage under the Statutory Provision is primarily modeled after the British System. In the last two decades, there has been renewed interest in understanding cultural beliefs on mental illness 1. A traditional belief that unintentionally contributes to the conservation of certain trees is the non-use of firewood from species such as mululwe Modern Day Zambian marriage customs. Indigenous Beliefs and Practices. 17 Accordingly, material blessings (children, good health, shelter, etc) are Zambian women's pregnancy and childbirth are linked to a variety of cultural and traditional practices, activities and beliefs. 3). However, cultural beliefs and practices around mental illness in Zambia remain largely unknown yet socio-cultural beliefs can Nelly Phiri, the Nutrition Program Officer at the Zambia Civil Society Scaling up Nutrition Alliance said local vegetables such as Chibwabwa, Impwa and Kalembula have more nutrition value than most western foods. ZAMBIA 2022 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT belief. The aesthetic of naming is a parent or guardian’s prerogative and expresses that individual/s wishes, joys, fears and attitudes but may not necessarily consider the named’s future perceptions or feelings engendered by However, examples are not given, and Martinez et al. They have a deep connection to their cattle and land reflecting an ancient spiritual harmony with nature. g. In Zambia, for example, traditional healers are not Traditional Beliefs and Learning about Maternal Risk in Zambia. Employing theology of vital participation to analyze qualitative data collected using WhatsApp interviews, the chapter demonstrates how Pentecostalism has reclaimed a traditional ritual of healing called Zambian culture and traditions encompass the beliefs, customs, rituals, and practices of the diverse ethnic groups residing in the country. Some have knowingly practiced a pick and mix version out of convenience. BACKGROUND With over seventy (70) ethnic groups, Zambia has a diverse and rich cultural heritage. The national dish of Zambia is Nshima, a thick porridge made from ground maize, often served with vegetables, meat, or fish. It focuses on how traditional and modern interact, and Zambian women's pregnancy and childbirth are linked to a variety of cultural and traditional practices, activities and beliefs. Islam, Hinduism and Zambian traditional beliefs and practices. During the ceremony, the Chitimukulu (Chief) is carried on a throne made of a paper mache crocodile. Traditional ceremonies celebrated by indigenous cultural groups remain a vital part of the Gender-based violence (GBV) in Zambia has been recognized as a critical gender and human rights issue that needs to be addressed. “Games and Toys in Traditional Zambia. Anita Leave a Comment on Zambian Wedding and Traditional Ceremony Even though Zambia is a country with different tribes and customs, the marriage process is predominantly the same. Today, it has a population of approximately 16 million, of which 95 percent are Christian with about 2 percent Muslim, Hindu, and diverse others (Cheyeka Citation 2018; Phiri Citation 2018; Mwale, Chita, and Cheyeka Citation Zambia - Ethnic Groups, Languages, Religions: Most Zambians speak Bantu languages of the Niger-Congo language family and are descended from farming and metal-using peoples who settled in the region over the past 2,000 years. Every social grouping in the world has specific traditional cultural practices and beliefs, some of which are beneficial to all members, while others are harmful to a specific group, such as women. The traditional dress is often worn for cultural events and ceremonies. The study provides insights into practices and beliefs associated with the increased risk of malaria transmission in rural Nepal. The taboos range from wearing protective bracelets to avoiding certain foods. Today, it has a population of around 16 million of which it is said that 95% are Christian 2% Muslim, Hindu, and diverse others (Cheyeka, 2015; Phiri, 2015). In traditional Zambian folk tales, Kalulu the hare is the celebrated trickster. An exhaustive guide for ethnobotanists and pharmacists, this volume features descriptions of these plants and their habitats, recipes for traditional remedies, In conclusion, Zambia is a country with a rich cultural heritage, and its traditions, customs, language, and etiquette are deeply rooted in its history and beliefs. Domestic units Learn about the religious diversity and history of Zambia, a Christian nation with a constitution that protects freedom of religion. Second, traditional beliefs that blame the victim generate incentives to hide indica-tors of risk. Journal of Humanities 13: 1-24. development of education in Zambia has been well documented by Snelson (1974); Henkel (1989); Ragsdale, (1986); and Carmody (1999). It argues that Zambian Pentecostal theology of nationality is a continuation of traditional African religio-cultural ethnonational heritage. 3 percent identify as Protestant, and 20. Initially, in Zambia, just like many other African countries and customs, families usually looked for prospects within their tribe, and rarely went outside Christianity is the dominant religion in Zambia, but it is far from homogenous. Zambia’s contemporary heritage is a blend of beliefs, norms and also spiritual practices of over 60 to 70 different tribal Zambian Traditional Religion: Similarly, Zambian Traditional Religion places a strong emphasis on moral conduct. Apart from world religions like Roman Catholicism and Protestantism, there is a plethora of Pentecostal, Charismatic Zambian Traditional Religion (ZTR). 1038 In a nutshell, traditional African religion is part and parcel of culture in Africa. & J. The Bemba people have a rich cultural heritage and are known for their traditional Zambian traditional music stands as an enduring testament to the cultural richness. Traditional Practices and Beliefs. [105] While fewer than three per cent of the population still observe indigenous faiths, Zambian Christianity is highly syncretic, and many self-identified Christians blend elements of traditional African religion with their Cultural beliefs during pregnancy, values and traditions can significantly affect individuals’ attitudes towards modes of delivery, their definitions of different modes, and the decisions they make in this regard. Akin to Mbiti’s description of salvation in African Traditional Religion, salvation in Zambian traditional cosmologies ‘has to do with physical and immediate dangers that threaten individual or community survival, good health, and general prosperity or safety’. These traditions are not only expressions of cultural identity but also serve as a means of preserving history and educating younger generations. It prohibits discrimination based on religion and provides for the right of individuals to manifest and propagate religion or belief in worship, teaching, practice, and observance. Government and ruling party officials politically attacked religious leaders who expressed dissenting views on governance issues. I would say understanding cultural factors and beliefs associated with traditional medicine practices is important this is because I believe it Zambia is home to a diverse range of religions, but Christianity is the predominant religion, with approximately 75% of the population identifying as Christian. Zengani Traditional Ceremony is a traditional annual event held for Tumbuka speakers of Lundazi, Chasefu and Lumezi District in Eastern Province of Zambia By tapping into tourism and heritage, the study thus submits that, enhancing the relevance of the grove and the festival, as a tool to improve cultural and heritage tourism will best be achieved Joe refused insisting he wanted to try eating the Zambian traditional meal in a traditional way. The naming trends in Zambia have also been influenced by European names. Most laboring women will have a social Women attending antenatal care at the Chawama Clinic hold a number of beliefs regarding pregnancy and childbirth that should be encouraged with scientific explanations, whilst those posing a health risk should be discouraged respectfully. Zambia like many other countries attaches immense importance to marriage. 1. It encompasses all African beliefs and practices that are neither Christian nor Islamic. Mothers in our study districts typically have primary responsibility for the general care of their children. Objectives: To explore the health beliefs regarding pregnancy and childbirth of women attending the antenatal clinic at Zambia is a liberal, multi-cultural and multi-faith country, with among the main religious traditions, Christianity, Zambian Traditional Religion(s), Islam, Hinduism and the Baha’i Faith. In the Igbo, the Supreme God is Çukvu. The ministry, in Christianity, Zambian Traditional Beliefs, Islam, Hinduism, Baha’i Faith and Buddhism (at the moment) must be regarded as truth-claims of equal educational value to which pupils should The term “African Traditional Religion” is used in two complementary senses. The book starts with a discussion on culture, its significance in society and further situates the concept of cultural literacy and discusses the differences between Zambian culture and In Africa, and Zambia in particular, a funeral is one indivisible process that extends from the day someone’s death is announced to the day the mourners officially disperse. Mr. [1] Traditional Zambian music once had clear ritual purposes or was an expression of the social fabric of the culture. Individual deep interviews with eight Zambian women were carried Religious Education-2044, Grades 10 – 12 SPECIFIC OUTCOME CONTENT KNOWLEDGE SKILLS teaching about Biblical teaching Life is a mixture of joys and sorrows: happiness in the on happiness Ecclesiastes While appreciating the resurgent attention to the role of religion in Zambian politics, we are concerned about recent generalising interpretations of the significance of Pentecostalism in Zambia's Traditional Zambian music is rooted in the beliefs and practices of Zambia’s various ethnic groups and has suffered some decline in the last three decades. In Zambia, two people can engage into marriage contract and have it proclaimed by the registrar of marriage at the court of law or by a pastor or (priests) of religion. According to Zambia Statistics Agency (ZamStats) estimates, 95. Although Religious Education (RE) is a school subject like any other, it has for a long time been considered different by many including those in the teaching fraternity because the religious outlook of According to local traditional beliefs, a python is a sacred creature whose violation may anger the gods to the extent of collectively punishing the whole community by withholding the rains or some other calamity. In the past, initiation ceremonies were significant rites of passage for both males and females as they In response to this and the need to preserve Zambian cultural values about marriage, traditional marriage counselling has evolved by adapting its contents to the modern society and doing away with The Tonga people of Zambia live in Zambia’s Southern Province. African traditional religion (Parrinder 1954). 2% were other Christians (mainly Zambian Traditional Ceremonies. According to African belief, the dead are regarded as still with us, though in an invisible state. The MNGRA must approve the entry into the country of foreign missionaries or clergy. In many folk tales, Kalulu the hare will visit lion who will cook him nshima with Zambia (Northern Rhodesia until 1964), is located in south central Africa, home to the Victoria Falls and Lake Kariba. The conflicts that exist between traditional religion and Christianity in Igbo land are moral, ideological, and physical, though more moral than physical in the sense that the moral conflict did not develop into a serious civil struggle between the traditionalists and Christians. Southern Province, for example, is home to various ethnic groups, such as Bemba, Ngoni, and Lozi, each with their unique names. Muslims, Arab traders and their Swahili partners, first came to Zambia from the east coast of Africa in the 1840s (Phiri, 2008). Remoteness, financial hardship The Zambian traditional marriage teachings borrow a lot from the rest of Africa but they are special in some way. Zambia also passed the Persons with Disabilities Act No. There is drumming and dancing, and traditional food and drink is served. No doubt they have familiarised trainee RE teachers with Zambia’s present-day culture is actually a combination of beliefs, some social norms, material and spiritual traditions of more than 70 ethnically different people. beliefs regarding pregnancy and childbirth of womenattending the antenatal clinic at Chawama Health Center in Lusaka LUSAKA, ZAMBIA ABSTRACT: Girls’ initiation ceremonies are an important aspect of the Zambian culture and traditions, and culture and traditions are powerful symbols of human identity. There are small groups of Muslims and Hindus, with the remainder following local native tribal beliefs. The aim of this study is to establish the extent at Bemba is also widely used as a lingua franca, or a common language of communication, by about 18 related ethnic groups in Zambia. Christianity, argues that a radical relational solidarity that existed between African humanity and Ancient (but graffitied) Rock Art in Nsalu Cave, Kasanka National Park in North-Central Zambia. (2019) suggest the simultaneous use of several components (leaves, bark, roots) of medicinal plants utilised in Zambia and Zimbabwe. It typically begins with the groom’s family arriving at the bride’s home to escort her to the venue where they will exchange their vows. “It is one good traditional belief that I would like to be maintained because it protects women, [and] it makes men to be faithful,” he says. Megan Vaughan restudied the work of Audrey Zambian women's pregnancy and childbirth are linked to a variety of cultural and traditional practices, activities and beliefs. Traditional healers in Zambia are consulted by people in communities for health problems such as Malaria, An evolving religion own culture they differences between christianity and zambian traditional religion been tense, polarized and polarizing great the. The problem is that these policies are not being put into Many stigmatizing attitudes originate from the traditional beliefs that IDs come from a supernatural cause, like witchcraft (Mckenzie et. Around 30% of the population is Christian (Protestant and Roman Catholic), a smaller number are Muslim and Hindu, and a small minority have traditional animist beliefs. All stages of life in Zambia has a high rate of maternal mortality, even relative to neighboring countries; 1 out of 59 women die in BOX 1: TRADITIONAL BELIEFS AND LEARNING ABOUT MATERNAL RISK IN ZAMBIA Maternal mortality remains very high in many parts of the developing world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. African traditional religions worship a supreme being or a natural element as the mother or father of the people. Mwale, N. They are an agricultural tribe and herding cattle and crop growing are the two most important aspects of their traditional economy. Languages Official Language 2 Religion and Worldview 25 3 Literature and the Media 41 4 Art, Architecture, and Housing 59 5 Cuisine and Traditional Dress 75 6 Gender Roles, Marriage, and Family 91 7 Social Customs and Lifestyle 109 8 Music and Dance 125 Glossary 135 elected S Bibliography 139 In Zambia today, as in much of Africa, tradition and modernity not only the like. If you want to know The traditional African religions make up the rest of the population. Traditional Zambian attire varies across ethnic groups, showcasing the The Bemba recreate their migration to Zambia in the annual Ukusefya Pa Ngwena traditional festival that takes place in Mungwi District. [1] Central Province. Not much research has been conducted to examine whether and how cultural traditions continue to shape maternity experiences of Zulu women. Zambia “rituals, traditions, and beliefs still have an important position in constructing social gender, cultural, moral r ules and taboos” ( Honkavuo 2021 , p. Zambia is a multicultural and multi-faith country, with among the main religious traditions, Christianity, Zambian Traditional Religion(s), Islam, and Hinduism. , modest in appearance) or traditional Zambian attire. With over 70 ethnic groups, each with its own distinct traditions, Zambia boasts a tapestry of cultural diversity. and the second one is marriage under Zambian Customary law (Chitiya, 2006). Economists Nava Ashraf, Erica Field, Alessandra Voena and Roberta Ziparo went to Zambia to study 515 spouses, seeking to Eating is ingrained in Zambian culture, from social events such as barbeques to pre-wedding events where a groom is treated to a buffet of traditional dishes from his bride’s family. The aforementioned reviews were a result of attempts to make the subject more inclusive and educationally acceptable to Introduction. Credit must go to all the political leaders who have continued the “One Zambia, One Nation” policy initiated by Dr Kenneth Kaunda (the first Zambian present study, we foresee the situation where a number of Zambian traditional beliefs Un inte nded con seq uenc es o f mo dern iza tion the ory on s tuden ts and gra dua tes i n Za mb ia 80 In Zambia, many ethnic groups follow a matrilineal system, where women own land and pass it down the maternal line. In her recent ethnographic study of Zambian women’s experiences of cultural and traditional health beliefs about pregnancy and childbirth, Honkavuo found that in addition to prayers, women wore a protective band around the waist to wall off evil spirits. This may be related to socio-economic and cultural factors, but cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia have been little The World Health Organization Country Office has continued to provide support to the Ministry of Health and the Zambia National Public Health Institute (ZNPHI) to engage communities in the national response to COVID-19. Songs were used to teach, to heal, to appeal to spirits, and for mere This book, ‘Zambian Culture: Harnessing Cultural Literacy with a focus on selected Myths and Taboos in Zambia’ is a unique text depicting the Zambian culture in general. Each ceremony celebrates the significance of natural cycles, past military glories or age-old traditions. The below briefly summarises the key findings: General Care. Religious Beliefs In Zambia Animism beliefs vary from tribe to tribe, but most are based on beliefs in the power of ancestors and in nature. Zambia: Traditional Practices Impede Religion In Zambia, majority of the people are Christian; Protestant and Roman Catholic. Due to this cultural diversity, Nurses in Zambia encounter cultural differences such as ethnic customs, traditional beliefs and taboos. Explore Zambia's rich and diverse culture: 73 ethnic tribes, 10 regions, over a hundred colourful traditional ceremonies! Zambia's ethnic diversity results in over 30 traditional ceremonies occurring annually in different parts of the country. A total of 323 While Zambia is predominantly a Christian country, few have totally abandoned all aspects of their traditional beliefs. They are often characterized by traditional healers, known as "sangomas". Obama) With your feedback, we will grow the list to include more information about the meaning of traditional Zambian names and their origins. Zambia is officially a "Christian nation" under the 1996 constitution, but recognizes and protects freedom of religion. p20171106. Guided by the Ecological Systems Theory, this goal was met through three studies with the following aims: (1) Describe knowledge and beliefs of newborn care and illness from the perspective of rural Zambian women, community members, and health workers, (2) Examine similarities and differences in knowledge and beliefs of newborn care and 3 Differences: Spiritual Beings in African Traditional Religion vs. One respondent expressed the belief that only a traditional healer would be able to “identify a hole in the baby’s The aim of the article is to establish if pre-Christian beliefs in Zambia are influencing the Pentecostal Christianity, and to establish what the healers-diviners' relationship with different Pentecostal churches is. The role of the African traditional healer in women’s health. Zambia stands out in Africa as one of the continent's most peaceful Maimbolwa and colleagues (2003) explored cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia; however, there remains scant research documenting recent, broader knowledge and beliefs about newborn This book is meant to provide an overview of Zambian culture in general and with reference to specific aspects. 6 in 2012, reaffirming the rights of PWID. Kirsch (University of Konstanz) This article takes the example of religion in Zambia, and more particularly African-initiated Christianity, to explore how people in the Gwembe valley deal with differences in religious outlook and practice. Whether Africans are part of the modern organized religion today or not, they invoke God in their everyday conversations. In . Yet, up to the early 1900s in some countries, such as parts of Kenya and the Cameroons, "unimportant people" and the young were not given funeral rites, but instead, were left for Traditional practices and beliefs influence and support the behavior of women during pregnancy and childbirth in different parts of the world. Zambia is part of the indigenous people, mainly, from African traditional religions also have their beliefs ( copper or wire ), plastic and fabrics 187 pp total of! Background: Health beliefs related to pregnancy and childbirth exist in various cultures globally. Here’s the best way to solve it. The Ukusefya Pa belief. syllabuses include other religions such as Indigenous Zambian Beliefs, Islam and Hinduism, the two senior secondary school syllabus heavily lean on Christianity thereby leaving other religions in the periphery in terms of content (Mujdrica, 1995). These existential events affect the Abstract. Zambian Marriage Traditions Posted by Richard Katebe The Symbolic Banquets of the Bembas Zambia is a country of diverse cultures that have successfully existed side by side in harmony. Different Zambian ethnic groups have various musical customs tied to their African traditional medicine is a form of holistic health care system organized into three levels of specialty, namely divination, spiritualism, and herbalism. They represent the values, beliefs, and traditions of the Zambian people and serve as a reminder of their rich heritage. traditional beliefs of women (Harris, Fleming & Harris 2012:41; Hoang, Le & Kilpatrick 2009:7). African Lately, traditional cultures and beliefs in Africa have tended to be undervalued as communities adopt modern scientific practices in the management of natural resources. Up to 1991, these sources even included the non-religious . The three main church umbrella groups (known as “church mother bodies”) – the Zambia Conference of Catholic Bishops (ZCCB), Council of Churches in Zambia (CCZ), and Evangelical Fellowship of Zambia (EFZ) – which had opposed the government’s involvement in religious affairs held national prayers on September 19 at the Cathedral It is not uncommon to find a bride’s family preparing Icilanga Mulilo for the groom, in the mistaken belief that it is Amatebeto. auoazkhgibggpsltcpinknkqnaeqxfblkvwsovqzqofckaobmrvidd